Interview questions (100)

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🌐 Networking (25 Questions)

  1. What is the difference between a hub, switch, and router?

  2. Explain the OSI model and its layers.

  3. What is the difference between TCP and UDP?

  4. Define IP address classes.

  5. What is subnetting and why is it used?

  6. Explain DHCP and its purpose.

  7. What is DNS and how does it work?

  8. Difference between public and private IP addresses.

  9. What is NAT and why is it important?

  10. Explain VLANs and their benefits.

  11. What is the difference between static and dynamic routing?

  12. What is a default gateway?

  13. Explain ARP and its role in networking.

  14. What is the difference between IPv4 and IPv6?

  15. What is bandwidth vs. latency?

  16. Explain the concept of packet switching.

  17. What is a firewall in networking?

  18. What is a proxy server?

  19. Explain load balancing.

  20. What is QoS (Quality of Service)?

  21. What is a MAC address?

  22. Explain the difference between LAN, WAN, and MAN.

  23. What is a VPN and how does it work?

  24. What is port forwarding?

  25. Explain the difference between symmetric and asymmetric encryption in networking.

📡 CCNA (25 Questions)

  1. What is Cisco IOS?

  2. Explain the difference between enable mode and configuration mode.

  3. What is the purpose of the show ip route command?

  4. Explain the difference between RIP, OSPF, and EIGRP.

  5. What is the difference between distance vector and link state routing protocols?

  6. What is the purpose of ACLs (Access Control Lists)?

  7. Explain the difference between standard and extended ACLs.

  8. What is the function of the ping and traceroute commands?

  9. Explain the difference between console, AUX, and VTY lines.

  10. What is the purpose of the copy running-config startup-config command?

  11. Explain the difference between static and dynamic NAT.

  12. What is the purpose of the show interfaces command?

  13. Explain the difference between trunk and access ports.

  14. What is the purpose of STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)?

  15. Explain the difference between broadcast, multicast, and unicast.

  16. What is the purpose of HSRP (Hot Standby Router Protocol)?

  17. Explain the difference between IPv4 addressing and IPv6 addressing in Cisco devices.

  18. What is the purpose of the reload command?

  19. Explain the difference between router-on-a-stick and inter-VLAN routing.

  20. What is the purpose of the show cdp neighbors command?

  21. Explain the difference between layer 2 and layer 3 switches.

  22. What is the purpose of DHCP snooping?

  23. Explain the difference between port security and MAC filtering.

  24. What is the purpose of the show running-config command?

  25. Explain the difference between primary and secondary IP addresses on an interface.

💻 Hardware (25 Questions)

  1. What are the main components of a computer system?

  2. Explain the difference between RAM and ROM.

  3. What is the difference between HDD and SSD?

  4. What is the function of a motherboard?

  5. Explain the difference between BIOS and UEFI.

  6. What is the purpose of a power supply unit (PSU)?

  7. Explain the difference between input and output devices.

  8. What is the function of a CPU?

  9. Explain the difference between cache memory and main memory.

  10. What is the purpose of a GPU?

  11. Explain the difference between SATA and NVMe drives.

  12. What is the purpose of a network interface card (NIC)?

  13. Explain the difference between USB 2.0, 3.0, and Type-C.

  14. What is the purpose of heat sinks and cooling fans?

  15. Explain the difference between single-core and multi-core processors.

  16. What is the purpose of CMOS battery?

  17. Explain the difference between integrated and dedicated graphics.

  18. What is the purpose of RAID in storage systems?

  19. Explain the difference between DDR3, DDR4, and DDR5 RAM.

  20. What is the purpose of POST (Power-On Self-Test)?

  21. Explain the difference between PCI and PCIe slots.

  22. What is the purpose of a sound card?

  23. Explain the difference between CRT and LCD monitors.

  24. What is the purpose of thermal paste?

  25. Explain the difference between wired and wireless peripherals.

🖥️ Operating Systems (25 Questions)

  1. What is the difference between Windows, Linux, and macOS?

  2. Explain the purpose of an operating system.

  3. What is the difference between 32-bit and 64-bit OS?

  4. Explain the difference between kernel mode and user mode.

  5. What is the purpose of a file system?

  6. Explain the difference between FAT32, NTFS, and ext4.

  7. What is the purpose of process scheduling?

  8. Explain the difference between multitasking and multiprocessing.

  9. What is the purpose of virtual memory?

  10. Explain the difference between paging and segmentation.

  11. What is the purpose of system calls?

  12. Explain the difference between foreground and background processes.

  13. What is the purpose of task manager in Windows?

  14. Explain the difference between hard links and soft links in Linux.

  15. What is the purpose of the chmod command in Linux?

  16. Explain the difference between GUI and CLI.

  17. What is the purpose of the registry in Windows?

  18. Explain the difference between services and processes.

  19. What is the purpose of the bootloader?

  20. Explain the difference between init and systemd in Linux.

  21. What is the purpose of swap space?

  22. Explain the difference between synchronous and asynchronous I/O.

  23. What is the purpose of user authentication in OS?

  24. Explain the difference between open-source and proprietary OS.

  25. What is the purpose of drivers in an operating system?

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