CCNA One Word Questions

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  1. Q: What does VLAN stand for? A: Virtual Local Area Network.

  2. Q: Purpose of VLAN? A: To logically segment a network into smaller broadcast domains.

  3. Q: VLAN range in Cisco switches? A: 1–4094.

  4. Q: Default VLAN on Cisco switches? A: VLAN 1.

  5. Q: VLAN type used for management? A: Management VLAN.

  6. Q: VLAN type used for voice traffic? A: Voice VLAN.

  7. Q: Command to create VLAN in Cisco IOS? A: vlan <id>.

  8. Q: VLAN tagging standard? A: IEEE 802.1Q.

  9. Q: Native VLAN default ID? A: VLAN 1.

  10. Q: VLANs reduce what type of traffic? A: Broadcast traffic.

  11. Q: Can VLAN span multiple switches? A: Yes, using trunk ports.

  12. Q: VLANs improve what? A: Security and efficiency.

  13. Q: VLAN membership types? A: Static and dynamic.

  14. Q: Static VLAN assignment method? A: Manually configure port to VLAN.

  15. Q: Dynamic VLAN assignment method? A: Using VMPS (VLAN Membership Policy Server).

  16. Q: VLAN hopping attack exploits what? A: Misconfigured trunk ports.

  17. Q: VLANs separate what? A: Layer 2 broadcast domains.

  18. Q: VLANs operate at which OSI layer? A: Layer 2 (Data Link).

  19. Q: VLAN trunking encapsulation types? A: ISL and 802.1Q.

  20. Q: ISL stands for? A: Inter-Switch Link.

  21. Q: VLANs require what to communicate across VLANs? A: Router or Layer 3 switch.

  22. Q: Inter-VLAN routing provides what? A: Communication between VLANs.

  23. Q: VLAN database stored in which file? A: vlan.dat.

  24. Q: VLAN pruning purpose? A: To stop unnecessary VLAN traffic on trunk links.

  25. Q: VLAN security best practice? A: Change native VLAN from default.

 Trunk Port — 

  1. Q: What is a trunk port? A: A port that carries multiple VLANs.

  2. Q: Protocol used for VLAN tagging? A: IEEE 802.1Q.

  3. Q: Native VLAN traffic is sent how? A: Untagged.

  4. Q: Command to configure trunk port? A: switchport mode trunk.

  5. Q: Allowed VLANs command? A: switchport trunk allowed vlan.

  6. Q: Default trunk encapsulation on modern switches? A: 802.1Q.

  7. Q: ISL encapsulation is now? A: Deprecated.

  8. Q: Trunk ports connect what devices? A: Switch-to-switch or switch-to-router.

  9. Q: Trunk ports carry how many VLANs? A: Multiple VLANs simultaneously.

  10. Q: Native VLAN mismatch causes? A: Connectivity issues.

  11. Q: Command to verify trunk status? A: show interfaces trunk.

  12. Q: DTP stands for? A: Dynamic Trunking Protocol.

  13. Q: DTP purpose? A: Negotiate trunking between switches.

  14. Q: Command to disable DTP? A: switchport nonegotiate.

  15. Q: Trunk ports prevent what? A: Need for multiple physical links per VLAN.

  16. Q: Native VLAN best practice? A: Use unused VLAN ID.

  17. Q: Trunk ports operate at which OSI layer? A: Layer 2.

  18. Q: Trunking allows what across switches? A: VLAN propagation.

  19. Q: Command to set native VLAN? A: switchport trunk native vlan <id>.

  20. Q: Trunk ports can carry voice VLAN? A: Yes.

  21. Q: Trunk port vs access port? A: Trunk carries multiple VLANs; access carries one.

  22. Q: Trunk ports require what for inter-VLAN routing? A: Router-on-a-stick or Layer 3 switch.

  23. Q: VLAN tagging adds how many bytes? A: 4 bytes.

  24. Q: VLAN ID field size? A: 12 bits.

  25. Q: Maximum VLANs supported by trunk? A: 4094.

 Telnet — 25 

  1. Q: Telnet operates at which OSI layer? A: Application layer.

  2. Q: Telnet default port number? A: 23.

  3. Q: Telnet provides what type of access? A: Remote command-line access.

  4. Q: Telnet transmits data how? A: In plain text.

  5. Q: Telnet is considered secure? A: No.

  6. Q: Secure alternative to Telnet? A: SSH (Secure Shell).

  7. Q: Telnet uses which protocol? A: TCP.

  8. Q: Telnet allows how many sessions? A: Multiple simultaneous sessions.

  9. Q: Telnet client command in Windows? A: telnet <IP>.

  10. Q: Telnet client command in Linux? A: telnet <IP>.

  11. Q: Telnet encrypts traffic? A: No.

  12. Q: Telnet used for testing what? A: Connectivity to specific ports.

  13. Q: Telnet can configure what devices? A: Routers, switches, servers.

  14. Q: Telnet session requires what? A: Username and password.

  15. Q: Telnet is replaced by? A: SSH.

  16. Q: Telnet RFC standard? A: RFC 854.

  17. Q: Telnet supports what type of communication? A: Bidirectional text communication.

  18. Q: Telnet is vulnerable to what attack? A: Packet sniffing.

  19. Q: Telnet is useful for? A: Simple remote administration.

  20. Q: Telnet session termination command? A: quit or exit.

  21. Q: Telnet requires what service enabled? A: Telnet server.

  22. Q: Telnet can test SMTP server? A: Yes, via port 25.

  23. Q: Telnet can test HTTP server? A: Yes, via port 80.

  24. Q: Telnet is interactive? A: Yes.

  25. Q: Telnet is not recommended for? A: Secure environments.

  2. Q: What does VTP stand for? A: Virtual Trunking Protocol.

  3. Q: VTP operates at which OSI layer? A: Layer 2 (Data Link).

  4. Q: Purpose of VTP? A: To manage and propagate VLAN information across switches.

  5. Q: VTP advertisement types? A: Summary advertisements and subset advertisements.

  6. Q: VTP modes available? A: Server, Client, Transparent.

  7. Q: Function of VTP server mode? A: Create, modify, and delete VLANs; propagate changes.

  8. Q: Function of VTP client mode? A: Receive VLAN information; cannot create or delete VLANs.

  9. Q: Function of VTP transparent mode? A: Forwards advertisements but maintains local VLANs independently.

  10. Q: What is a VTP domain? A: A group of switches sharing the same VLAN information.

  11. Q: Command to set VTP domain? A: vtp domain <name>.

  12. Q: Command to set VTP mode? A: vtp mode <server|client|transparent>.

  13. Q: Command to set VTP password? A: vtp password <password>.

  14. Q: VTP revision number purpose? A: Tracks VLAN database changes.

  15. Q: Higher revision number means? A: More recent VLAN information.

  16. Q: Risk of incorrect VTP revision number? A: Can overwrite correct VLAN database with wrong info.

  17. Q: VTP pruning purpose? A: Prevents unnecessary VLAN traffic on trunk links.

  18. Q: Command to enable VTP pruning? A: vtp pruning.

  19. Q: Default VTP mode on Cisco switches? A: Server mode.

  20. Q: Default VTP version? A: Version 1.

  21. Q: Latest VTP version available? A: Version 3.

  22. Q: Advantage of VTP version 3? A: Supports extended VLANs (1006–4094) and better authentication.

  23. Q: VTP advertisements sent on which VLAN? A: VLAN 1.

  24. Q: VTP advertisements sent how often? A: Every 5 minutes or when a change occurs.

  25. Q: Command to verify VTP status? A: show vtp status.

  26. Q: Best practice for VTP in production? A: Use Transparent mode to avoid accidental VLAN overwrites STP (Spanning Tree Protocol)

  28. Q: What does STP stand for? A: Spanning Tree Protocol.

  29. Q: Purpose of STP? A: To prevent Layer 2 loops in a switched network.

  30. Q: STP operates at which OSI layer? A: Layer 2 (Data Link).

  31. Q: Default STP protocol standard? A: IEEE 802.1D.

  32. Q: What is a broadcast storm? A: Excessive broadcast traffic caused by loops.

  33. Q: STP elects what device? A: Root Bridge.

  34. Q: Criteria for Root Bridge election? A: Lowest Bridge ID (priority + MAC address).

  35. Q: Default bridge priority value? A: 32768.

  36. Q: Command to change bridge priority? A: spanning-tree vlan <id> priority <value>.

  37. Q: STP port states? A: Blocking, Listening, Learning, Forwarding, Disabled.

  38. Q: Which STP state forwards traffic? A: Forwarding.

  39. Q: Which STP state prevents loops? A: Blocking.

  40. Q: Which STP state builds MAC table? A: Learning.

  41. Q: Which STP state listens for BPDU? A: Listening.

  42. Q: What is BPDU? A: Bridge Protocol Data Unit.

  43. Q: BPDU types? A: Configuration BPDU and TCN (Topology Change Notification).

  44. Q: Root port definition? A: Port with lowest path cost to Root Bridge.

  45. Q: Designated port definition? A: Port chosen to forward traffic for a segment.

  46. Q: Non-designated port definition? A: Port placed in blocking state to prevent loops.

  47. Q: STP path cost depends on? A: Bandwidth of the link.

  48. Q: Default cost for 100 Mbps link? A: 19.

  49. Q: Default cost for 1 Gbps link? A: 4.

  50. Q: Default cost for 10 Mbps link? A: 100.

  51. Q: Enhanced STP versions? A: RSTP (802.1w) and MSTP (802.1s).

  52. Q:

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